Informationwekk.com – 7/9/2016
Google
Testing Post-Quantum Cryptography For Chrome
Although quantum computers are largely in the
experimental phase, Google has started testing cryptography to protect against
hackers in the post-quantum era.
Google
is testing out post-quantum cryptography in a move to guard against hackers who
may one day use quantum computers to break the security protocol used in HTTPS.
Although
quantum computers are still small and experimental, Google is looking down the
road to a time when quantum computers could be used to break the asymmetric
cryptographic primitives that are used in TLS, which when used to secure HTTP
constitutes the HTTPS protocol. Cryptographic primitives that can stay secure
against quantum computers are known collectively as post-quantum cryptography.
"A hypothetical, future quantum
computer would be able to retrospectively decrypt any Internet communication
that was recorded today, and many types of information need to remain
confidential for decades. Thus even the possibility of a future quantum
computer is something that we should be thinking about today," Matt
Braithwaite, a Google software engineer, said in a Google Security blog.
The test involves using the current
encryption algorithm, an elliptic-curve key-exchange, which is used in Google's
desktop Chrome browsers and
a second, and experimental, post-quantum key-exchange algorithm.
Google
notes that by layering the experimental algorithm over the existing one, if the
experiment fails, the older algorithm will still be in place to provide
security.
"Alternatively,
if the post-quantum algorithm turns out to be secure then it'll protect the
connection even against a future quantum computer," Braithwaite said.
Quantum computers are
designed to leverage certain aspects of quantum physics to solve problems much
faster than a traditional computer. The quantum computers used today are
experimental and only use a small number of quantum bits (qubits). Google, with
its D-Wave computer,
which it operates with NASA, is working on developing a computer that can
accommodate a larger number of qubits. Microsoft, IBM, Intel and others are
also working on developing larger quantum computers.
Google's
D-Wave computer can combine the benefits of digital and analog systems for
quantum computing. The digital approach provides robust error correction,
however it requires custom algorithms, whereas the analog method can be
generalized and deal with various algorithms in an easier fashion. But analog
quantum computing is limited by errors accumulating in the system and other
factors.
Google is calling its quantum
security experiment Chrome Canary. Users curious to know
whether it's in use in their browser can check the Chrome menu and go to
"developer tools." On the left-hand side, under "Main
Origin," users can click on the developers.google.com
link. Then, on the right-hand side in the box marked
"Connection," users should find the word "Key Exchange" and
see if it says "CECPQ1." The CECPQ1 indicates that Google domain is
conducting the test.
However,
Google notes that not all of its domains have enabled the experiment, and that
even those that have done so may experience a fading in and out of the experiment
if issues are found.
"Our
aims with this experiment are to highlight an area of research that Google
believes to be important and to gain real-world experience with the larger data
structures that post-quantum algorithms will likely require," Braithwaite
said.
Dawn Kawamoto is a freelance writer and editor.
She is an award-winning journalist who has written and edited technology,
management, leadership, career, finance, and innovation stories for such
publications as CNET's News.com, TheStreet.com, AOL's DailyFinance, and The ... View Full Bio
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