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the whole human from theladder.com
20 misused words that make smart
people look dumb
By Travis BradberryMar 14, 2017
We’re all
tempted to use words that we’re not too familiar with.
If this were
the only problem, I wouldn’t have much to write about. That’s because we’re
cautious with words we’re unsure of, and, thus, they don’t create much of an
issue for us.
It’s the words
that we think we’re using correctly that wreak the most havoc.
We throw them
around in meetings, e-mails and important documents (such as resumes and client
reports), and they land, like fingernails across a chalkboard, on everyone who
has to hear or read them.
We’re all
guilty of this from time to time, myself included.
When I write, I
hire an editor who is an expert in grammar to review my articles before I post
them online. It’s bad enough to have a roomful of people witness your blunder
and something else entirely to stumble in front of 100,000!
Point is, we
can all benefit from opportunities to sharpen the saw and minimize our
mistakes.
Often, it’s the
words we perceive as being more “correct” or sophisticated that don’t really
mean what we think they do. There are 20 such words that have a tendency
to make even really smart people stumble.
Have a look to
see which of these commonly confused words throw you off.
Accept vs. Except
These two words
sound similar but have very different meanings. Accept means to receive
something willingly: “His mom accepted his explanation” or “She accepted the
gift graciously.”
Except signifies exclusion: “I can attend every meeting except
the one next week.”
To help you
remember, note that both except and exclusion begin with ex.
Affect vs. Effect
To make these
words even more confusing than they already are, both can be used as either a
noun or a verb.
Let’s start
with the verbs. Affect means to influence something or someone; effect means
to accomplish something. “Your job was affected by the organizational
restructuring” but “These changes will be effected on Monday.”
As a noun, an effect
is the result of something: “The sunny weather had a huge effect on
sales.” It’s almost always the right choice because the noun affect
refers to an emotional state and is rarely used outside of psychological
circles: “The patient’s affect was flat.”
Lie vs. Lay
We’re all
pretty clear on the lie that means an untruth. It’s the other usage that
trips us up. Lie also means to recline: “Why don’t you lie down
and rest?” Lay requires an object: “Lay the book on the table.” Lie
is something you can do by yourself, but you need an object to lay.
It’s more
confusing in the past tense. The past tense of lie is—you guessed it—lay:
“I lay down for an hour last night.” And the past tense of lay is
laid: “I laid the book on the table.”
Bring vs. Take
Bring and take both describe transporting something or
someone from one place to another, but the correct usage depends on the
speaker’s point of view. Somebody brings something to you, but you take
it to somewhere else: “Bring me the mail, then take your shoes
to your room.”
Just remember,
if the movement is toward you, use bring; if the movement is away from
you, use take.
Ironic vs. Coincidental
A lot of people
get this wrong. If you break your leg the day before a ski trip, that’s not ironic—it’s
coincidental (and bad luck).
Ironic has several meanings, all of which include some type of
reversal of what was expected. Verbal irony is when a person says one thing but
clearly means another. Situational irony is when a result is the opposite of
what was expected.
O. Henry was a
master of situational irony. In “The Gift of the Magi,” Jim sells his watch to
buy combs for his wife’s hair, and she sells her hair to buy a chain for Jim’s
watch. Each character sold something precious to buy a gift for the other, but
those gifts were intended for what the other person sold. That is true irony.
If you break
your leg the day before a ski trip, that’s coincidental. If you drive up
to the mountains to ski, and there was more snow back at your house, that’s ironic.
Imply vs. Infer
To imply
means to suggest something without saying it outright. To infer means to
draw a conclusion from what someone else implies. As a general rule, the
speaker/writer implies, and the listener/reader infers.
Nauseous vs. Nauseated
Nauseous has been misused so often that the incorrect usage is
accepted in some circles. Still, it’s important to note the difference. Nauseous
means causing nausea; nauseated means experiencing nausea.
So, if your
circle includes ultra-particular grammar sticklers, never say “I’m nauseous”
unless you want them to be snickering behind your back.
Comprise vs. Compose
These are two
of the most commonly misused words in the English language. Comprise
means to include; compose means to make up.
It all comes
down to parts versus the whole. When you use comprise, you put the whole
first: “A soccer game comprises (includes) two halves.” When you use compose,
you put the pieces first: “Fifty states compose (make up) the United
States of America.”
Farther vs. Further
Farther refers to physical distance, while further
describes the degree or extent of an action or situation. “I can’t run any farther,”
but “I have nothing further to say.”
If you can
substitute “more” or “additional,” use further.
Fewer vs. Less
Use fewer when
you’re referring to separate items that can be counted; use less when
referring to a whole: “You have fewer dollars, but less money.”
Bringing it all together
English grammar
can be tricky, and, a lot of times, the words that sound right are actually
wrong.
With words such
as those listed above, you just have to memorize the rules so that when you are
about to use them, you’ll catch yourself in the act and know for certain that
you’ve written or said the right one.
Travis
Bradberry is the co-author of Emotional Intelligence 2.0 and the
co-founder of TalentSmart.
This post
originally appeared on LinkedIn.
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In addition to this blog, Netiquette IQ has a website with great assets which are being added to on a regular basis. I have authored the premiere book on Netiquette, “Netiquette IQ - A Comprehensive Guide to Improve, Enhance and Add Power to Your Email". My new book, “You’re Hired! Super Charge Your Email Skills in 60 Minutes. . . And Get That Job!” has just been published and will be followed by a trilogy of books on Netiquette for young people. You can view my profile, reviews of the book and content excerpts at:
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