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Updated June 16, 2017
Tenses are key to learning English.
What are tenses? In English grammar, tense refers to the moment when something
happens. Generally, people think about past, present or future times for a verb
as tenses. This is also called the verb form. For example, the present simple
verb tense is also called the present simple verb form and concerns actions
that happen every day. The past simple verb tense (or verb form) refers to
something that happens in the past.
How
Many Tenses Are There in English?
The simple answer to this question
is that there are thirteen tenses in English. Some teachers refer to only three
tenses: past, present and future that have a variety of forms. The most
important thing to remember is that there are thirteen verb forms or tenses
that are used for different situations that happen in the past, present or
future.
The
Thirteen Tenses in English
Here are simple explanations of the
tenses in English that give the most common use of each tense in English. There are a number of exceptions to the rules, other uses
for certain tenses in English and so on. Each tense has examples, a link to a
page that goes into detail for each tense in English, as well as a visual tense chart and a quiz to check your understanding.
Simple present - things that happen every day
He usually goes for a walk every
afternoon.
Petra doesn't work in the city.
Petra doesn't work in the city.
Where do you live?
Simple past - something that happened at some time in the past
Jeff bought a new car last week.
Peter didn't go to the meeting yesterday.
When did you leave for work?
Peter didn't go to the meeting yesterday.
When did you leave for work?
She will come to the meeting
tomorrow.
They won't help you.
Will you come to the party?
They won't help you.
Will you come to the party?
Simple future with 'going to' - for future plans
I'm going to visit my parents in
Chicago next week.
Alice isn't going to attend the conference.
When are you going to leave?
Alice isn't going to attend the conference.
When are you going to leave?
Present perfect - something that began in the past and continues into
the present
Tim has lived in that house for ten
years.
She hasn't played golf for long.
How long have you been married?
She hasn't played golf for long.
How long have you been married?
Past perfect - what happened before something else in the past
Jack had already eaten when he
arrived.
I hadn't finished the report when my boss asked for it.
Had you spent all your money?
I hadn't finished the report when my boss asked for it.
Had you spent all your money?
Future perfect - what will have happened up to a point in the future
Brian will have finished the report
by five o'clock.
Susan won't have driven far by the end of the evening.
How many years will you have studied by the time you get your degree?
Susan won't have driven far by the end of the evening.
How many years will you have studied by the time you get your degree?
Present continuous (progressive) - what is happening at the moment
I'm working at the computer at the
moment.
He isn't sleeping now.
Are you working?
He isn't sleeping now.
Are you working?
Past continuous (progressive) - what was happening at a specific moment in the past
I was playing tennis at seven
o'clock.
She wasn't watching TV when he called.
What were you doing at that time?
She wasn't watching TV when he called.
What were you doing at that time?
Future continuous (progressive) - what will be happening at a specific moment in the
future
I will be lying on the beach this
time next week.
She won't be having any fun this time tomorrow.
Will you be working this time tomorrow?
She won't be having any fun this time tomorrow.
Will you be working this time tomorrow?
Present perfect continuous (progressive) - what has been happening up to the present moment in
time
I've been working for three hours.
She hasn't been working in the garden for long.
How long have you been cooking?
She hasn't been working in the garden for long.
How long have you been cooking?
Past perfect continuous
(progressive) - what had been happening up to
a specific moment in the past
They had been working for three
hours by the time he arrived.
We hadn't been playing golf for long.
Had you been working hard when he asked for it?
We hadn't been playing golf for long.
Had you been working hard when he asked for it?
Future perfect continuous
(progressive) - what will be happening up to a
specific moment in the future
They will have been working for
eight hours by the end of the day.
She won't have been studying for very long when she takes the test.
How long will you have been playing that game by the time you finish?
She won't have been studying for very long when she takes the test.
How long will you have been playing that game by the time you finish?
.
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